Plagiarism Detection in Medical Literature †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Plagiarism Detection in Medical Literature. Answer: Introduction Tertiary education present opportunity of the developing highly skilled workforce necessary for economic development. However, the tertiary education has had its own challenge particularly use of information or ideas of others. Plagiarism is a significant problem in most of higher education Management and it is attributed to increase in the usage of internet that has made it easy for leaners to copy texts ranging from few sentences, paragraphs to pages and pasting without thinking (Eret Gokmenoglu, 2010). The internet has also made it possible for professors and tutors to identify plagiarized work using online plagiarism checker tools like Copyscape and Turnitin (Shamin, 2012). Plagiarism is reported as one of the most common of academic offence termed as cheating. Plagiarism refers to use of someones work either intentionally or unintentionally as your own and other terms that have been used to describe plagiarism include literary theft and academic dishonesty (Eret Gokmenoglu, 20 10). There are several reasons causing the college students to plagiarize. Most undergraduate students lack commitment to active reading and studying and due to cynicism about grades, they tend to cheat (Carroll Oxford Centre for Staff Development, 2007). The firms require highly skilled labor force so as to remain competitive in rapidly changing business environment. Many organizations evaluate employees for suitability of job based on their qualification and academic performance therefore forcing some students plagiarize to have high G. P. A. to secure employment and be successful later in life. A study by Glendinning (2014) found that many students are willing to sacrifice integrity for good grades so as to get good impression since the society judges success based on good grades. I feel this trend need to change to help students recognize their abilities and nature their talents. Fear of failure has also been source of cheating to fulfil family expectations of good grades. Parents sacrifice their resources to educate their children and they expect that the students will in return work hard and attain good grades. The students who feel ashamed of poor grades may involve in cheating by subcontracting someone to do the assignment. Hart and Friesner (2004) cited lack of writing and research skills among students as worrying and pushing students to engage in dishonest means of learning. Demanding schedule where student has some other commitments like working while studying result in heavy class loads. As a result, lack of planning leave little time for students to tackle the assignment properly and will prefer cheating for job to be done. Youmans (2011) warns that if plagiarism is not checked in higher institutions of learning, then there is high likelihood that students will not gain proper skills and knowledge that they require in their future careers. There is a greater perception among the students that cheating is easy and one can easily submit assignments without any detection. A survey by King, Guyette and Piotrowski (2009) indicated that students doing online exams feel that instructors have little control over their Management activities making it easy for them to cheat. Contrarily, other authors have attributed role of tutors and lecturers in increasing cases of cheating. Some assignments are difficult for students causing him to lose interest for assignment and is likely to plagiarize as opposed to proving wide array of topics for the student to select that he/she can handle effectively (Boehm et al., 2009). The student may feel it is easy to copy the assignment rather than conducting research and working on the assignment. Controversial cases of plagiarism There are several negative effects of plagiarism ranging from personal, ethical, legal and professional. The scholars have been working closely with many other scientists to develop strategies for detecting and minimizing plagiarism in the students work (Glendinning, 2014). Though plagiarism has been largely associated with the students both in high school and tertiaty institutions, it is important to note that plagiarists also encompasses other professionals like academic, journalists and authors and many more. One of the prominent plagiarized speech that caused an uproar in media is that of Melania Trump who plagiarized speech belonging to former US presidents wife, Michelle Obama. Wilkie reported that Melania lifted almost two paragraphs of Michelles speech during 2008 Democratic National Convention (Wilkie, 2016). Another prominent politician had to resign in Germany over plagiarism row. The German defence minister known as Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberghad its PhD striped off by University of Bayreuth after revelation that he had plagiarized work for his doctorate (The Guardian, 2011). The defence minister had enjoyed huge political millage with enormous supporters base. The defence minister blamed huge responsibility on his part dealing with family and work as an MP and thus plagiarized some work for his thesis in 2006. Also another German minister for education called Annette Schavan had to resign just ahead of election due to guilty of plagiarizing PhD work. This was the most recent tragedy to the German chancellor having lost two ministers due to academic credibility issues Management tainting the image of her government (The Guardian, 2013). Karasz of The New York Times further report tragid incident of Hungarian president who had to resign amid of plagiarism scandal. Pal Schmitt, a Hungaria n president graduated in 1992 with plagiarized thesis lead to stripping off of his doctoral degree by one university in Budapest in 2012 (Karasz, 2012). Consequences of plagiarism As mentioned above the politicians and other professionals including business leaders and musicians risk losing trust from the public. The student has its reputation destroyed due to plagiarism and the university may suspend or expel the student. Many tertiary institutions have adopted strict regulations governing assignment and examination. Glendinning (2014) reports that many higher learning institutions in Europe are taking plagiarism seriously and have ethic offenses to monitor students activities in relation to plagiarism. The public figures majorly politicians and businessmen face risk of negative publicity that may hurt them for their entire career and may find it difficult to secure job. This is because many organizations are recognizing the need of having integrity as core value to protect companys property from theft and embezzlement of funds through corruption. The students who intent to progress in their careers must publish their work, however losing ability to publish d ue to plagiarism leads to end of academic careers (Eret Gokmenoglu, 2010). Legal action is one of the repercussions of plagiarism that lead to financial losses or job. Many countries around the world has copyright laws to protect intellectual property. As such, one using someones material without acknowledgement through citation or references give the author the right to institute legal action against plagiarist (Bast Samuels, 2008). It is reported that some developed countries have strict laws regulating use of someones work in academics and plagiarism has been classified as criminal activity with guilty being liable for prison sentence. The writers especially academicians and journalists who depend on writing as source of living need to be vigilant be aware of copyright laws so as to avoid plagiarism. There has been rising cases where the authors who had their work plagiarized receiving huge financial reimbursements from plagiarists who could be organization or individuals. The professionals such as authors, researchers, journalists and public figures risks financial repercussions for plagiarizing authors work. Plagiarist may be forced to pay monetary penalties to the original author (Klein, 2011). In some worst circumstances, plagiarized work in medical research leads to loss of life due to erroneous procedures. Plagiarism is serious offences in which ignorance cannot be sued as defence. It is evident from this research that plagiarism has both ethical and legal consequences that hurt professionalism of plagiarist. Prevention of plagiarism The students are tasked with coming up with original work when doing academic work. It is important for students to use other peoples work in order to validate ideas however, in order to avoid plagiarism, it necessitates citing such borrowed ideas. It is suggested that direct quotes must be used when using exact statements of the author and as such the lifted information must be put under quotations mark. However, it is recommended that ideas should be paraphrased and cited. Different institutions have rules governing amount of information that can be lifted directly and quoted (Lipson, 2008). The students are encouraged to read the materials carefully, usually more than once in order to understand the subject and be in a position express the meaning of ideas in ones own words. The starting point of avoiding plagiarism is by understanding all forms of plagiarism. Students need be empowered to be creative and be active learners rather than being lazy copiers of other peoples idea. Students need to know that word-for-word copying, imitations, use of synonyms or even paraphrasing ideas constitute plagiarism if credit is not given to owners. The most recent forms of plagiarism are hiring someone to do assignment and submitting papers done by other students that is readily available in the internet. students are encouraged to seek information extensively from many sources such as textbooks and published work to broaden knowledge in subject matter thus allowing student to be able to write in own words (Bretag, 2013). References Bast, C. M., Samuels, L. B. (2008). Plagiarism and legal scholarship in the age of information sharing: the need for intellectual honesty. Boehm, P. J., Justice, M., Weeks, S. (2009). Promoting academic integrity in higher education. The Community College Enterprise, 15(1), 45. Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Med, 10(12), e1001574. Carroll, J., Oxford Centre for Staff Development. (2007). A handbook for deterring plagiarism in higher education (Vol. 2). Oxford: Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development. Eret, E., Gokmenoglu, T. (2010). Plagiarism in higher education: A case study with prospective academicians.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2(2), 3303-3307. Glendinning, I. (2014). Responses to student plagiarism in higher education across Europe. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 10(1). Hart, M., Friesner, T. (2004). Plagiarism and poor academic practicea threat to the extension of e-learning in higher education?. Electronic Journal on E-learning, 2(1), 89-96. Karasz, P. (2012). Hungarian President Resigns Amid Plagiarism Scandal. Retrieved on May 14, 2017 from https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/03/world/europe/hungarian-president-pal-schmitt-resigns-amid-plagiarism-scandal.html. King, C. G., Guyette Jr, R. W., Piotrowski, C. (2009). Online exams and cheating: An empirical analysis of business students' views. Journal of Educators Online, 6(1), n1. Klein, D. (2011). Why learners choose plagiarism: A review of literature. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 7(1), 97-110. Lipson, C. (2008). Doing honest work in college: How to prepare citations, avoid plagiarism, and achieve real academic success. University of Chicago Press. Shamin, T. (2012). The latest developments in plagiarism detection in medical literature.European Science Editing,38(2), 56. The Guardian. (2011). German defence minister resigns in PhD plagiarism row. Retrieved on May 14, 2017 from The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/01/german-defence-minister-resigns-plagiarism. The Guardian. (2013). German education minister quits over PhD plagiarism. Retrieved on May 14, 2017 from The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/09/german-education-minister-quits-phd-plagiarism. Wilkie, C.(2016). Melania Trump Plagiarized Her Convention Speech From Michelle Obama. Retrieved on May 14, 2017 from Huffpost: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/melania-trump-speech-plagiarized_us_578da752e4b0a0ae97c33675. Youmans, R. J. (2011). Does the adoption of plagiarism-detection software in higher education reduce plagiarism?. Studies in Higher Education, 36(7), 749-761.