Env 100 Environmental Pollutants Sewage and Fossil Fuels

Environmental Pollutants Sewage and fossil Fuels ENV/ nose candy contact 2013 Environmental Pollutants Sewage and Fossil Fuels Environmental pollutants, according to the Blacksmith Institute (2013) negatively affect billions of the worlds population as a sequel of exposure to poisons associated with sewage and the fossil provide inunct colour rock gross(a) vegetable crude oil colour. These poisons have lead to long-term detrimental centers on ecosystems and has attributed to the premature deaths of 40% or 2. 8 billion of the worlds population of which lead billion children under the age of five die prematurely because of exposure these contaminants.Researchers visualize that this number will grow to approximately 3. 6 billion by 2050 if these invasive toxins continue to remain prevalent in the worlds purlieu (Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2012). In this paper, Team D will talk over the effects that sewage and crude oil have on the propert y of glow, soil, and urine, environmental biological diversity, giving medication methods, and alternative solutions toward the use of crude oil (University of Phoenix, 2013, Week Five Syllabus).Sewage As defined by Oilgae (2013) sewage refers to sewer water that commonly derives from liquid or solid human activities that contaminate the soils air, soil, and water. These contaminates contain infectious organisms, referred to pathogens that cause diseases, much(prenominal) as bacteria dysentery and cholera, viral diseases of hepatitis and polio, and protozoal disease of amoebic dysentery and giardiasis (Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality, 2002).Additionally, as stated by Nakate (2013) these toxins alter biological diversity through eutrophication, which degrades water quality, ultimately alters aquatic species, hinders native plants, and increases biological oxygen demand (BOD). As the rise in levels of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous as puff up as natural abs quatulates in water pathways initiates extreme growth of bacteria and algae that proves lethal to living organisms as well as disrupts the function and structure of the inherent ecosystems.These pollutants generally fall under four specific categories commercial, industrial, sanitary, and surface overflow and telling management of their sewage countervail byproducts (Oilgae, 2013). Commercial According to Oilgae (2013), this stratum contains liquid and solid shave materials associated with offices, restaurants, and service organizations in which sewage waste, much(prenominal) as cleaning chemicals or garbage placed in blustering air dumpsters seep into the surface soil and water, or sling into the air through decomposition.Industrial This sewage originates from discarded water employed during the chemical and manufacturing touch on, such as mining (Oilgae, 2013). Mining produces high-levels arsenic, cyanide, and sulfuric acid sewer water or tailing, which miners dump in to surface water pathways or pile show that contaminates ground water, soil, and air through emissions of the deadly dust p words and through rainwater (Blacksmith Institute, 2012). SanitaryShandilya (2013) defines this category as domestic waste initiated from institutional and residential activities that disseminate wastewater associated detergents, soaps, and human bodily wastes that drain into sewage systems, lakes, or streams, which contaminates beverage water and harms animals and aquatic life. Surface Runoff This category represents as coarse sewage, which includes fertilizers and pesticides that contain rich nutrients, such as nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous, which accelerates enrichment leading to eutrophication as the waste travels through rainwater or dumped into water pathways (Shandilya, 2013).Sewage Waste Management The effective management of sewage waste would include abolishing untreated sewage and follow out a pre-treatment process that includes extensi ve filtering of effluents, employing microbes that convert wastes into solids therefore, easily separated, and disinfecting partially virtuous effluents through chemical precipitation (Hollis, 2013). The pre-treatment process of chemical precipitation involves adding chemicals to the waste to create particles that retire toxins through decantation therefore, properly transferring, disposing, and reusing the cleansed water (Edwards, 1994).This treatment process can prove beneficial to other wastes producers like that of fossil discharge crude oil. Fossil Fuel Crude Oil Crude oil, as illustrated by Kaiser (2009) represents the worlds primary industrial pushing cite with estimates showing 30 to 40% of the world uses this fossil fuel for pushing consumption, and indentified as black gold. This oil, a hydrocarbon, and derived from organic material from lakes and oceans that contain blackmail and heat.Oil, generally falls into two categories conventional, which proves less expensiv e, easy, and fast, or non-conventional that has an established disposition s expensive, slow, and difficult whereas, crude oil has a classification of light, medium, or heavy, depending on the American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity. Crude oil, receives is name because it has lots of different hydrocarbon compounds in which oil refineries work on accomplishing refinery of crude oil in three steps. 1. Breaking down thousands of compounds in spite of appearance the crude oil to chemical units. . Remove contaminants, entirely. 3. Transform the individual chemical units. As the oil live ons refined and separated into various fuels, this conversion leads to creation of numerous products, such as hired gunoline and other petroleum products that transports through 23,000 miles of pipeline within the United States. This conversion and transportation of fossil fuel byproducts has proven bad to the environment as well as the disposal of these fossil fuel oils in which society must se ek alternative energy resources. Fossil Fuel and the EnvironmentFossil fuels, according to kibibyte Energy Choice (2013) have become champion of the worlds greatest greenhouse gas emitters that total three-fourths of the entire worlds carbon, methane, and other gas emissions. The toil of electricity involves burning fossil fuels at an extremely high temperature, which results in high concentrations of pollution in the water and air. For example, the atmosphere naturally absorbs one ton of greenhouse gases however, the atmosphere traps approximately 25% extra of the sunlights radiation because of the annual rise in greenhouse gas secretions.As 98% of the United States energy creation coming from the non-renewable fossil sources, the disposal of oil proves vital toward protecting the environment. Disposal of Oil As communicated by Septer (2013), recycling waste or used oil proves valuable to the environment, and the saving as inadequate disposal of waste oil damages water, land , and air resources. Recycling oil assists in the preservation of natural resources and conserves energy production. The most important motive for recycling oil surrounds the preservation of resources associated with crude oil.The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) stated that 2. 5 quarts of high-quality lubricating oil is produced from however one gallon of waste oil conversely, it takes an astonishing 42 gallons of crude oil to manufacture the same 2. 5 quarts of high-quality oil (para. 3). Therefore, recycling oil proves beneficial because it does non pollute water pathways and does not finish in landfills as well as lowering the exist through oil re-refining rather than oil filtering.Therefore, the improper disposal of oil, such as throwing it away(predicate) harms the environments whereas, the energy saved in converting waste oil into fresh oil have has vast benefits, such as cleansing one gallon of waste oil employs less resources than refining 42 gallons of crude oil (para. 6). Alternative Solutions According to Alternative Energy (n. d. ) crude oil represents a limited accessible fossil fuel and analysts believe that by 2050 accessible crude oil in its entirety will become extinct, which has lead scientist to create alternative fuel sources other than fossil and thermo thermonuclear.The world uses nuclear fuel as demonstrated with the more than 300 global nuclear power plants in which France and Japan generate approximately 80% of electric power from these plants. As illustrated by Alternative Energy (n. d. ) two thumb energy resources to replace the use of crude oil include solar and wind energy. Solar energy has proven to become one of the topper power energies for the environment in that the solar power systems can remove more than 110,000 pounds of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases out of atmosphere as well as prevent the requirement to burn 60,000 pounds of coal (para. ). Solar does not produce acid rain, urban smog, or any other pol lutants. soupcon power represents the second alternate energy source and quickly worthy one of the most hopeful new energy sources for electricity and the cost has reduced by 15% with doubling of installed capacity planetary (para. 13). Subsequently, worldwide wind energy capacity has reached approximately 16 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity after 1999 and these energy hours provide enough energy comparable to the surface of five Miami cities. ConclusionAs premature deaths continues to rise with an expectation of reaching more than three billion by 2050 along with the increasing growth in population, the footings natural resources ultimately will become extinct because of the stark and prevalent environmental pollutants of which sewage and crude oil contribute. Team D has illustrated the importance of understanding the initiators of sewage and crude oil pollutants, their cause and effect on the environment as well as proper waste management presented by chemical precipita tion, and alternatives energy sources of solar and wind.However, the decisions made forthwith will significantly influence the days of tomorrow therefore, to protect the environment and the community members within each ecosystem, humanity must strengthen its allegiance toward the reduction of premature deaths and its creators. References Alternative Energy. (n. d. ). Alternative energy. Retrieved from http//www. altenergy. org/ Blacksmith Institute. (2013). The worlds top ten toxic pollution problems 2012 Pollution facts. Retrieved from http//www. worstpolluted. org/pollution-facts-2009. hypertext markup language Edwards, J. D. (1994, December 30).Chemical precipitation Basics. Retrieved from http//cleanh2o. com/ww/chemppt. hypertext markup language Green Energy Choice. (2013). Fossil Fuels How do they negatively affect the environment? Retrieved from http//www. greenenergychoice. com/green-guide/fossil-fuels. html Hollis, T. (2013). How to manage waste water. Retrieved from ht tp//www. ehow. com/how_ 10030919_manage-waste-water. html Kaiser, D. (2009, October 23). Alternative energy replacements for crude oil. Retrieved from http//suite101. com/article/alternative-energy-replacements-for-crude-oil-a161973 Nakate, S. 2013, January 24). Sewage water pollution. Retrieved from http//buzzle. com/ articles/sewage-water-pollution. html Oilgae. (2013). Types of wastewater. Retrieved from http//www. oilgae. com/algae/cult/sew typ/typ. html Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. (2002, October). Surfacing sewage & its effects on our environment. Retrieved from http//www. deq. state. ok. us/factsheets/land/ srfsewage. pdf Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. (2012, March 15). OECD environmental wit to 2050 The consequences of inaction.Retrieved from http//www. oecd-ilibrary. org/environment/oecd-environmental-outlook-to- 2050_9789264122246-en Septer, J. D. (2013). Waste oil recycling information. Retrieved from http//www. ehow. com/ round _6596196_waste-oil-recycling-information. html Shandilya, R. (2013, March 5). Facts about water pollution. Retrieved from http//www. buzzle. com/articles/facts-about-water-pollution. html University of Phoenix. (2013). Week Five supplement Course Syllabus. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, ENV/100 Principles of Environmental Science course website.